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目的 了解成都市双流区妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)发病情况及特征，为孕期保健工作提供参考。方法 从成都市双流区妇幼保健院病案管理系统中获取2015—2023年41 521例孕产妇分娩年龄、新生儿出生体质量、GDM发生情况、妊娠结局数据。根据女性孕期是否发生GDM,将其分为正常组(37 838例)和GDM组(3 683例)。分析成都市双流区GDM发病情况及特征。结果 2015—2023年孕产妇GDM发病率分别为5.5%、5.7%、7.5%、8.5%、8.3%、8.6%、10.9%、13.4%、15.5%,女性分娩时平均年龄分别为(26.7±4.7)岁、(27.3±4.5)岁、(27.5±4.6)岁、(27.5±4.4)岁、(27.8±4.2)岁、(28.0±4.2)岁、(28.3±4.3)岁、(28.8±4.2)岁、(29.0±4.0)岁，GDM发病率和分娩年龄均呈上升趋势，且GDM组高龄产妇比例(17.3%)高于正常组(6.5%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。GDM组巨大儿发生率(6.2%)、剖宫产率(57.5%)、妊娠期高血压疾病发生率(2.6%)、子痫前期发生率(0.7%)、产后出血发生率(5.9%)、早产发生率(5.3%)均高于正常组，差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 成都市双流区孕产妇分娩年龄逐渐增大，GDM发病率逐年升高，未来应加强孕期保健工作，减少GDM发生，保障母婴健康。
Abstract：Objective To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) in Shuangliu District of Chengdu, provide reference for health care during pregnancy.Methods Maternal age, birth weight of newborns, occurrence of GDM, and other pregnancy outcome of pregnant women from 2015 to 2023, were obtained from medical record system in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shuangliu District, Chengdu.According to occurrence of GDM or not, the pregnant women were divided into normal group(37 838 cases) and GDM group(3 683 cases).The occurrence and characteristics of GDM in Shuangliu District, Chengdu were analyzed.Results The incidence rates of GDM in pregnant women from 2015 to 2023 were 5.5%, 5.7%, 7.5%, 8.5%, 8.3%, 8.6%, 10.9%, 13.4%, and 15.5%, respectively.The mean ages of women at delivery were(26.7±4.7),(27.3±4.5),(27.5±4.6),(27.5±4.4),(27.8±4.2),(28.0±4.2),(28.3±4.3),(28.8±4.2), and(29.0±4.0) years old, respectively.The incidence rate of GDM and the age of pregnant women at delivery showed increasing trends, and the proportion of elderly women in GDM group(17.3%) was higher than that in normal group(6.5%), there was statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The incidence rates of macrosomia(6.2%), cesarean section(57.5%), hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy(2.6%), preeclampsia(0.7%), postpartum hemorrhage(5.9%), and preterm birth(5.3%) in GDM group were statistically significantly higher than thoes in normal group(all P<0.05).Conclusion The age of pregnant women at delivery in Shuangliu Distrct of Chengdu is increasing gradually, and the incidence rate of GDM is increasing year by year.In the future, health care during pregnancy should be strengthened to reduce the occurrence of GDM and protect maternal and child health.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19829/j.zgfybj.issn.1001-4411.2025.09.022
中图分类号:R714.256
引用信息:
[1]袁佳英,曾新月,李艳.2015—2023年成都市双流区妊娠期糖尿病发病情况分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2025,40(09):1645-1649.DOI:10.19829/j.zgfybj.issn.1001-4411.2025.09.022.
基金信息:
四川省医学科研课题计划(S21112)